ICT Technology and Digital Revolution
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Introduction to Computers,
1st session, ICT Technology and Digital Revolution
【This is today’s learning goal!】
① The goal is to be able to examine and explain the significance of the digital revolution and the characteristics of a knowledge-based society.
② Our goal is to be able to examine and explain the importance and transition process of ICT technology.
Learning content 1: Digital revolution and knowledge-based society
▶ Key point 1 : Changing our society through the digital revolution
▶ Key point 2 : Changes in the components and use of ICT technology lead society
Part 01: |
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Digital revolution and knowledge-based society | |
We can talk about information and communication technology (ICT) when the four major elements below come together.
① Hardware
② Software
③ Network (communication)
④ Information (data)
What is Information and Communication Technology (ICT)?
A brief look at the differences between ICT technology and computer science.
- Computer science typically refers to concepts, theories, and algorithms.
- ICT technology refers to utilization and practice based on computer science.
Part 02: |
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Innovative technologies that have influenced humanity for 30 years | |
▶ There were two major changes.
▶ First, the Industrial Revolution occurred with the invention of the steam engine.
▶ The second is the information revolution that began
with the invention of computers in the mid-20th century.
▶ Due to the development of computers, the existing manufacturing-oriented industrial society ended
and a post-industrial society began, in which information and services lead social development.
▶ In today's knowledge-based economy, knowledge and information have become more important.
④ Let’s look at the story of Elvin Toffler’s “Third Wave” in 1980.
▶ first wave : Agricultural society (vast land, many livestock, workers)
▶ second wave : ndustrial society (labor-intensive mass production)
Continued development until the mid-20th century with the invention of railroads and electricity
Era of mass production of small varieties (territorial disputes and colonial history)
▶ Third Wave: Information Society (Increasing the Value of Information)
Change from a vertical social structure to a horizontal social structure, from centralized politics to local decentralized politics, and to an era of small-scale production of a large variety of products.
⑤ Major changes in industrial society and information society
▶ Changes in product productivity and computer-assisted information processing tasks have occurred.
revolution change | agricultural revolution | industrial revolution | information revolution |
cause of change | equipment | machinery and power | digital technology |
speed of change | static | gradual | exponential |
agent of change | physical force (labor force) | Economic power (business) | Knowledge and information (knowledge workers) |
structure of control | Blood ties and regional society | vertical society | horizontal society |
Revolutions that influenced human history
Part 03: |
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Digital revolution and knowledge-based society | |
is more important than any other good.
The proportion of materials, energy, and information that changes with social changes
The image below shows the process of change from the 1st Industrial Revolution to the 4th Industrial Revolution.
of the information society.
▶ As digital communications developed and combined with computer technology, an era of communications revolution began.
▶ And it has made a global society possible by enabling the immediate production, transmission, and sharing of information beyond the limitations of place and time.
▶ In the United States, it took 37 years and 17 years for the telephone and television to reach 30% of the population, respectively, while it took only 7 and 4 years for the Internet and high-speed Internet, respectively.
Next, let's talk about the knowledge-based economy.
It has also brought about major changes in the economic paradigm as follows.
① Asset-based Economy, or Old Economy :
In the age of industrialization, tangible goods such as capital, labor, and resources are important.
② New Economy :
The knowledge-based economy is a phenomenon that emerged in developed countries, including the United States, in the late 1990s.
▶ Intangible assets such as differentiated technological capabilities (original technology, patents), premium brands, knowledge and information assets, and a strong management system and organizational culture are important driving forces for economic development.
③ knowledge-based economy
▶ A creative economy society that emphasizes corporate creativity
Components and use of ICT technology
It emphasizes the versatility and flexibility of computers and that society develops with the advancement of ICT technology.
Part① |
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The versatility and flexibility of computers | |
▶ COMPUTER = General-Purpose Machine
* The concept of Turing machine aims to provide versatility and flexibility through programs (software).
Part② |
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How does a computer possess such versatility? | |
② By using various input devices, sensors, and output devices, it can be used in a variety of ways depending on how it is used.
③ Early computers were intended for calculations and statistical processing in science and engineering.
Part③ |
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Components of ICT | |
▶ The core of software is the problem-solving procedure, is an algorithm.
▶ Computer science is called ‘the science of algorithms.’
Part④ |
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Changes in ICT Technology Importance | |
From the 1950s to the mid-1980s, a hardware-centered society for science and engineering data processing and use of computational machines
Currently, since the 2000s, the society has become centered on application/big data content for use of the Internet, mobile, and social media.
Summary of ICT technology and
digital revolution contents of Computer Introduction 1st session
1. ICT technology can be seen to mean all technologies that utilize computer hardware, software, networks (communication), and information (data) convergently.
2. In the information society, production and changes based on diverse knowledge base are accelerating from mass production, mass distribution, and mass consumption, which were the core concepts of the past industrialized society.
3. The components of ICT technology consist of hardware, software, procedures (algorithms), communication networks, people (users), and information.
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